文章编号：1672-3104(2015)05-0243-06

摘 要： 现代汉语普通话中的动前副词“在”、现代汉语方言中的动后助词“在”、现代汉语普通话中陈述句末的语气词“呢”都有表示进行体意义的用法。前两个是从“在+L”这种方所存在结构中的介词“在”语法化而来，最后一个是从方所存在结构“在+L+里”中的“里(哩)”语法化而来。期间，经历了L的语义虚化、语形磨损和/或脱落。通过考察汉语“在L+V”“V+在L”等方所存在结构向进行体结构“在V”“V在”和“V呢”的语法化及其后果，探讨其语法化机制及动因。

关键词： 方所结构；进行体；语法化

Abstract: In Mandarin, the adverb “zai (在)” both in front of and after a predicative verb, and the mood particle “n (呢)” at the end of a sentence, all share the function of marking progressive aspect. The first two are grammaticalized from the preposition “zai (在)” in the structure “zai (在)+L”, and the last one from the “li (里/哩)” in the location schema “zai (在)+L+li (里)”. During these grammaticalizations, L experienced semantic weakening, morphological attrition and/or disappearance. The present essay attempts to investigate the grammaticalization of the location schemas “zai (在)+L+V” and “V+zai (在)+L” to the progressive constructions such as “zai (在)+V”, “V+zai (在)” and “V呢”, and so on, and uncover the grammaticalizational outcomes, mechanisms and motivations.